Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting (ISEA)
About ICSEARD The International Center for Social and Environmental Accounting Research and Development (ICSEARD) focuses on research, rating, training, and publication activities in social and environmental accounting. The center supports scientific development, practical application, and the dissemination of research related to sustainability, accountability, and corporate social responsibility. Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting (ISEA) Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting (ISEA) is an international peer-reviewed journal published by the International Center for Social and Environmental Accounting Research and Development (ICSEARD). The journal welcomes empirical and theoretical papers in the field of social and environmental accounting, including corporate social responsibility, sustainability reporting, corporate governance, accountability, and ethical issues in financial and managerial practices. ISEA serves academics, researchers, practitioners, and policy makers concerned with sustainability and social responsibility.
International Center for Social and Environmental Accounting Research and Development (ICSEARD)
Corporate Environmental Responsibility: Capitalism, Legitimacy, and Ecological Harm Through the Lens of Green Criminology
This paper explores Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) through the lens of green criminology, offering a novel perspective on how capitalist-driven industrial activities contrib ute to environmental degradation. Integrating insights from the Treadmill of Production (ToP) and Legitimacy theories, it argues that the relentless pursuit of profit accelerates ecological harm through resource extraction (ecological withdrawal) and pollution (ecological addition). These activities heighten global sustainability challenges, including climate change, biodiversi ty loss, and resource scarcity. Companies increasingly adopt CER practices not merely as vol untary environmental stewardship but as a strategic response to legitimacy risks arising from these ecological impacts. By positioning themselves as environmentally responsible, organiza tions aim to maintain public trust, reduce regulatory scrutiny, and align with stakeholder expec tations. This paper contributes to the literature by offering a theoretical understanding of CER's origin, situating it within broader global environmental concerns, and emphasizing CER's role in mitigating ecological and reputational risks in energy-intensive sectors.
corporate environmental responsibility, green criminology, treadmill of production, capitalism, legitimacy, ecological harm
Redvin Bilu, Haslinda Yusoff, Intan Salwani Mohamed
The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Mitigating Tax Evasion: A Comparative Study of Multinational Corporations
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a central concept in the corporate sector, particularly for multinational corporations (MNCs). As global business operations have become more complex, scrutiny of corporate practices, especially regarding tax obligations, has intensified. This study examines the role of CSR in mitigating tax evasion among MNCs, focusing on how various CSR practices influence tax compliance behaviour. Although extensive research has addressed CSR's impact on corporate reputation, there is a notable gap in understanding how CSR specifically addresses tax evasion, particularly within diverse regulatory environments. Employing a qualitative methodology that includes case studies, interviews, and document analysis, this study provides comprehensive insights into the motivations and outcomes of CSR initiatives related to tax evasion. A comparative analysis of selected MNCs indicates that those with robust CSR frameworks tend to demonstrate lower instances of tax evasion, suggesting that CSR can deter unethical tax practices. These findings underscore the importance of transparency in CSR reporting, stakeholder engagement, and the integration of tax strategies within CSR frameworks. This study further highlights the significance of regulatory frameworks in enhancing CSR effectiveness and considers the potential impact of technological advancements on the future of CSR and tax compliance. The implications for theory, policy, and practice are discussed, emphasising the necessity for MNCs to prioritise ethical tax behaviour as part of their CSR commitments. Future research directions include longitudinal studies, cross-industry and cross-regional comparative analyses, and investigations of emerging technologies to promote transparency and accountability in tax practices.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR); Multinational corporations (MNCs); Tax evasion; socially responsible companies; Tax compliance
The Role of Social Entrepreneurship in Addressing Climate Change: An Analysis of Innovative Business Models
Social entrepreneurship plays a significant role in addressing climate change by integrating innovative business models with social objectives. This study investigates the contributions of social entrepreneurship to climate change mitigation through case studies and diverse business model examples. It identifies the factors that contribute to social enterprises' success in overcoming environmental challenges and examines the obstacles they encounter. The research further evaluates the impact of social entrepreneurship on communities and ecosystems, utilising empirical data and illustrative examples to demonstrate its potential for positive transformation. The research design incorporates a mixed-methods approach, utilising both qualitative and quantitative data sources, including interviews, surveys, and secondary data analysis. Key findings indicate that social enterprises effectively engage communities, employ innovative financing mechanisms, and leverage technology to enhance their impact. The study highlights the importance of supportive policies, stakeholder collaboration, and skill development for social entrepreneurs. Recommendations for future research include conducting longitudinal studies, cross-regional comparisons, examining the role of technology, and integrating interdisciplinary perspectives. By elucidating the role of social entrepreneurship in combating climate change, this study advances the understanding of sustainable business and offers valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers.
Climate change;Collaborative approach; Community impact; Environmental sus tainability; Innovative business models; Social entrepreneurship; Sustainable solutions.
Halim Shuhaimi Yeop Johari, Syed Iskandar Zulkarnain Sayd Idris, Hasan Fauzi
Value Relevance of Climate Change Risks: A Canadian Study
The objective of this study is to examine whether shareholders value the climate change risk disclosures firms communicate in their annual reports. The risks associated with climate change voluntarily disclosed by companies were identified based on the annual reports of 210 firms included in the S&P/TSX Composite Index. The value relevance of this information was then examined with a regression model founded on Ohlson’s model (1995). The results of the analyses tend to show that, with the exception of market risks, very few of the disclosed risks appear to be relevant to shareholders. This may possibly be explained by the very generic information content of these disclosures. These results enable us to conclude that Canadian companies’ voluntary disclosures on climate change in their current state contain very little informational content and appear to be more symbolic in nature. The study’s findings raise doubts and questions about the informational contributions of these disclosures in their current format. Since they focus on the impact that climate change may have on the company (i.e., financial materiality), there is reason to question their informational contributions in relation to the information that shareholders can obtain from the media, government institu tions or other sources of external information.
Climate change; Informational content; Risks, Disclosures; Value-relevance
Sylvie Berthelot, Michel Coulmont, Anne Marie Gosselin
Analyzing Risk: Developing Resilience and Adaptability in The Dynamic Business Environment
This study explores the critical role of understanding risk and defining it as the process of identifying, assessing, and evaluating potential risks. Resilience and adaptability, characterized by absorptive, adaptive, and restorative capacities, are discussed as interconnected concepts. The coal-based electricity generation company, Kapar Energy Ventures Sdn Bhd, is used to illustrate the practical implementation of risk analysis, particularly in light of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) challenges to enhance decision-making, competitive advantages, sustainable business practices, increase stakeholder confidence and business continuity. Sustainability is explored in the context of risk management, emphasizing the link between risk management and sustainable practices. The challenges faced by KEVSB in transitioning from coal-based energy to renewable sources are acknowledged, with a recognition that extensive investments are required for full sustainability. Business continuity is presented as closely related to risk analysis, with both complementing each other in ensuring organizational resilience. However, organizational resilience and adaptability go beyond risk analysis and encompass organizational culture, leadership, planning, and change management. Building resilience requires a comprehensive approach that considers investing in employees, fostering innovation, building relationships, and maintaining financial flexibility contribute to organizational resilience and adaptability.
adaptability; building resilience; environmental,risk analysis; governance (ESG); sustainability social, and
Abdul Raof Basir, Adibah Jamaluddin, Vani Tanggamani
The Evolving Landscape of Corporate Environmental and Social Responsibility: A Critical Examination
Climate change is no longer a distant threat; it is an immediate reality that poses significant risks to economies, ecosystems, and societies worldwide. In Canada, the implications of climate change are particularly pronounced, with rising temperatures and extreme weather events affecting everything from agriculture to urban infrastructure. A study published by the Canadian Institute for Climate Choices (2021) highlights that climate-related risks could cost the Canadian economy between CAD 21 billion to CAD 43 billion annually by 2050 if no action is taken. These figures underscore the urgency for businesses and policymakers to incorporate climate risk assessments into their strategic planning. Furthermore, the role of financial markets in reflecting these risks is crucial; as investors increasingly seek to understand the long-term viability of their portfolios, companies that fail to address climate risks may find themselves at a competitive disadvantage. This editorial note serves as a call to action for stakeholders to recognise the value relevance of climate change risks in their decision-making processes, thereby fostering a more resilient and sustainable future for all Canadians.
Board Structures and Financial Performance of UK Top Firms: An Investigation of the Moderating Role of the Directors’ Compensation
Although several studies have empirically investigated the connection between corporate governance structures and financial performance, evidence from the literature indicates that findings from these studies are inconsistent, hence inconclusive. In this light, some scholars suggest that the inconsistency in the findings could be an indication that there is factor(s) moderating the relationship between the two variables. For this reason, we investigate how corporate board structures relate to financial performance and the effect of directors’ financial compensation on such relationship using samples of the UK top firms. The findings of the study suggest that board composition is positively associated with financial performance (Tobin q). Other than that, the study also indicates that the effect of directors’ financial compensation interacts positively with board composition to influence financial performance. By implication, this finding demonstrates that financial rewards to the outside directors play an inevitable role in influencing the relationship between corporate board and financial performance.
Board composition, board leadership, corporate governance, directors’ financial compensation, tobin q, United Kingdom.
Eco-Efficiency and Sustainable Development as Efforts to Produce Environmentally Friendly Product: An Exploratory Case Study
The issue of climate change, global warming and environmental damage caused by the production process lead to many changes in manufacturing technology, in the understanding of environmental concern or environmental awareness. Eco-efficiency is a concept that requires companies to concern the environment, and is then forwarded to the concept of sustainable development which requires current generations think and act for not passing the environmental damage to future generations. This study was aimed to answer whether a go-international company has environmental awareness, how they understand, interpreted, and applied these eco efficiency and sustainable development concepts. The research methodology used is Yin’s non positivist exploratory case study research in PT. Semen Indonesia. The results showed that although the company has already understood and implemented eco-efficiency, and other environmental friendly program, such as Japanese 5’ S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke mean Tidiness, Orderliness, Cleanliness, Standardization, and Discipline); Triple Bottom Line (Profit, People and Planet), and other programs. The implementation of such programs leads to the application of sustainable development concept. The research’s implications is academically it will enrich management accounting literature by introducing environmental-based management accounting, and push academicians to restructure the content of management accounting subject as well as it will inform companies to aware to possible environmental problem in their production process.
eco-efficiency, environmental accounting, sustainable development.
A Critical Analysis of Social Responsibility Practices in Alcohol Advertising Campaigns
Culture plays a role in creating young alcoholics and has been at the center of debates about the impact of alcohol advertising on patterns of consumption. This research addressed the impact of alcohol advertising on local culture and its social implications in a developing economy. Stakeholders, including young people and marketing representatives from an alcohol producer in Country X, were examined to determine their perspectives of the use of alcohol advertising strategies. The findings were consistent with previous academic research and expectancy theory that indicate alcohol advertising can influence the normative behavior of young persons and their attitudes toward the use of alcohol. That is, alcohol producers can only claim to be socially responsible if their marketing strategies considers the concerns of the wider community. The Country X alcohol producer in this study, this claim requires organizational change to make the company more closely aligned to industry best practices.
Advertising, alcohol, expectancy theory, normative behavior, social responsibility.
The Relation between Sustainable Innovation Strategy and Financial Performance Mediated By Environmental Performance
This study aims to examine the relationship of sustainable innovation strategy and financial performance through the mediation environmental performance. The hypothesis in this study is sustainable innovation strategy affect the financial performance which is mediated by environ mental performance. This study is quantitative research in the explanatory level. The population of this study is all the manufacturer companies in East Java. The data is collected through ques tionnaire. The unit of analysis is a business unit. The respondent of this study is the manager of a business unit manufacturing company in East Java. The results showed that the environmental performance mediates partially the relation between sustainable innovation strategy and finan cial performance.
sustainable innovation strategy, financial performance, environmental perfor mance.
Accountability and Control: Canada’s First Nations Reporting Requirements
This paper explores the accountability relationship between the Government of Canada and First Nations Bands arising from Program Devolution. Reporting requirements associated with this relationship have been characterized in a 2002 Report of the Auditor General of Canada as burdensome and of little use to many of the First Nations communities that are compelled to meet them. This study examines the reporting requirements used in the Auditor General’s re port and drawing on institutional theory and accountability literature develops a theoretically informed argument positioning Program Devolution, as it was practiced, as a colonizing under taking that undermines self-government.
First Nations, Accountability, Reporting, Institutional Theory, Aboriginal, Indige nous, Self-government.
The Effects of Boards Composition, Rewards and Ownerships on Intellectual Capital Efficiency of Banks in Nigeria
This paper examines the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on intellectual capital efficiency (ICE) of Nigerian Banks. The data for the study were generated from the audited financial statements of the sample banks for the period of 11 year (2003 - 2013). The study adopted Value Added Intellectual Co-Efficient (VAIC) methodology which includes three ICE components: human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency and capital employed effi ciency. Corporate governance mechanisms considered in this study are Boards Composition, Managerial Rewards, and Ownership Structure. The study controls for the return on equity and leverage of banks. The regression results show that the corporate governance attributes consid ered in this study are good indicators of (ICE) because their impact are positively and signifi cantly at less than 1% with R-square of 58% and adj R-square of 55%. Also the two control variables are significantly related with intellectual capital efficiency. This implies that corpo rate governance have significant impact on ICE of firms in the Nigerian banking industry. Therefore, the study recommends that board should acquire political skills which are necessary to effective governance. In order to improve ICE, board should make it as their responsibility to develop and sustain healthy relationships and maintain open, two-way communication with all constituencies of staff in order to incite their IC towards organization’s success.
Banks, Corporate Governance mechanisms, Intellectual Capital efficiency, Nigeria.
The Influence of Talent Factors on Business Performance
To contribute to the debate concerning performance measurement, this study investigated some talent factors that can influence business performance of Indonesian finance industry and to provide a framework by which business leaders could assess their current management capa bilities. Using purposive sampling, 56 finance companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012 were selected. Corporate governance aspects were measured by employing 12 talent factors and business performance was measured using profit per employee, revenue per em ployee, and market capitalization per employee. 12 hypotheses were tested using multiple re gression analysis. The authors concluded on 2 things. Firstly, the greater the number of audit committee members, the higher the profit per employee and secondly, higher remuneration for directors and commissioners induced better business performance, as measured by three indi cators. However, larger number of employees worsens profit per employee, revenue per em ployee, and market capitalization per employee.
Business performance, corporate governance, market capitalization per em ployee, profit per employee, revenue per employee, talent factors.
Fanny Soewignyo, Tonny Irianto Soewignyo
Competitive Strategy and Sustainable Performance: The Application of Sustainable Balanced Scorecard
To survive in such a highly competitive market, hotels have to sustain better-than-average per formance over time. However, the empirical research on the ways and means of improving sustainable hotel performance, specifically in developing countries like Indonesia, is scant. This study aims to help fill the knowledge gap of Indonesian hotel managers by providing em pirical evidence on how competitive strategy could play a role in improving hotel sustainable performance (HSP). The Sustainable Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) approach was used to meas ure HSP based on financial, customer, internal business process, learning and growth, and so cial and environmental perspectives. A mixed methods research approach was used to test the relationships among the above mentioned variables. Online survey and in-depth interviews were used to collect data. The quantitative data were analysed using Partial Least Square (PLS). The results revealed that competitive strategy, particularly in the form of differentiation, had a significant influence on HSP
competitive strategy, sustainable performance, Sustainable Balanced Scorecard
Riana Sitawati , Lanita Winata, Lokman Mia
The Association between Organisational Commitment And Corporate Social Responsibility-Environmental Performance Within an Integrated Sustainability Balanced Scorecard Framework
This study investigates whether organisational commitment is associated with organisation s‘CSR performance within sustainability aspects of their internal process. A structural equation model (SEM) tested two sequential direct associations between: (1) senior management em ployees‘ affective and continuance organisational commitment and organisations‘ conventional value-creating internal processes; (2) conventional value-creating internal processes and or ganisations‘ CSR performance within sustainability value-creating internal process. The SEM results show an indirect association between affective commitment and CSR performance within sustainability value-creating internal process, which is mediated by the conventional value-creating internal processes. The findings support an integrated sustainability internal process within a sustainability balanced scorecard (SBSC) as depicted in Kaplan and Norton‘s strategy map. Organisations may develop internal processes that promote CSR outcome char acteristics when employees possess higher levels of affective organisational commitment. Fu ture research could investigate a broader range of environmental outcomes within CSR per formance.
organisational commitment, strategy map, corporate social responsibility, sustain ability balanced scorecard
Environmental Management Systems (EMS) ISO 14001 Implementation in Construction Industry: A Malaysian Case Study
This study seeks to explore the crucial part in EMS implementation; i.e. environmental aspects and impacts, Good Environmental Practice to be developed in construction site, as well as the level of awareness or understanding amongst site staffs on ISO 14001 EMS implementation in their organizations. Data were collected via interviews, surveys and site visits. A number of environmental aspects and impacts, and Good Environmental Practices based on ISO 14001:2004 have been identified. The level of understanding of the site staffs on ISO 14001 EMS requirements has been found to be good except for matters concerning Schedule Waste Management. In conclusion, the successful implementation of ISO 14001 EMS mainly de pends on staffs‘ understanding.
ISO 14001, EMS, Environment, Construction
Sumiani Yusoff, Ridwan Nordin, Haslinda Yusoff
Proposed Model ForIndustrial Waste Management Practices and Its Impact on Organisational Performance
Due to environment protection issue, waste management becomes one of important factors in maintaining organization sustainability. In developed country, a growing number of companies began to integrate the pro environment practices, such as waste management practices, into their business strategy. In contrast, the implementation of waste management practices by business organizations in developing country, like Indonesia, is still rare. Waste generated by industries is greater than the capacity to manage this volume of waste. This poses a problem that leads to improper disposal of waste and pollution. This study aims to design a research model which investigates the relation of institutional environment including cognitive, regula tory, and normative element; manager environmental attitudes, worker environmental attitudes, environmental policy, strategic waste management practices, and financial performance.
Awareness, compliance, organizational commitment, waste management
Suzy Noviyanti, Yefta Andi Kus Noegroho, Jony Oktavian Haryanto, Lanita Winata
Environmental and Sustainability Management Accounting (EMA) for The Development of Sustainability Management and Accountability
This guest editorial provides an overview of the key themes and contributions presented in a special issue on Environmental and Sustainability Management Accounting (EMA). The authors highlight the role of EMA and Environmental Management Systems (EMS) in supporting organisations—both in developed and developing countries—to improve sustainability performance through measuring environmental impacts, increasing awareness, enhancing internal processes, and informing strategic decision-making. The editorial summarises five studies that collectively explore how internal and external organisational factors influence environmental practices, CSR performance, and financial outcomes. These studies employ a variety of theoretical frameworks—including sustainability balanced scorecards, strategy orientation models, and corporate governance perspectives—and use different methodologies across diverse national contexts. The editors conclude that EMA and EMS provide valuable tools for advancing sustainability management, and the insights from these papers contribute to expanding theoretical understanding and identifying future research opportunities in environmental and sustainability accounting.
Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) Sustainability Management Environmental Management Systems (EMS) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) Environmental Performance Organisational Performance Sustainability Reportin
The Indonesian Executives Perspective of CSR Practices
The objective of this study is to investigate the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) practices after the issuance of the government regulation as the implementation guideline of the CSR as stipulated in the law no.40/2007 through business players’ interviews. Using the semi structured interviews with Indonesian executives/informants of Indonesian companies, this study found that CSR practices have been viewed as philanthropic activities of companies with all the consequences that follow: shareholder as the most important stakeholder, reporting CSR practice as means to have public image and no need to have any standard to prepare CSR prac tice reporting. Given the findings, there is a need to redefine CSR based on the intention to maintain good relationship with stakeholders and to have the integrated management system to help management well interact with them in market and non-market mechanism.
CSR practice, informants, executives, Indonesia.
Contribution of Marine Protected Areas in Fisheries Governance in South Mediterranean
When studying fishing activities in south Mediterranean, particularly in Algeria, we face the particular case of coastal territory. The high dependence of human activities on marine territo ries and their resources is always related to the high level of conflicts, between fishing actors and other stakeholders, generated by some conservation projects. The aim of this paper is to highlight and illustrate the approach of MPAs (Marine Protected Areas) governance and their role in conserving biodiversity, in order to clarify their economic, social and environmental impacts on human activities such as fishing. This paper defends the flowing thesis: in the long term, protection could reduce conflicts, contribute to sustainable management of fisheries and improve the welfare of fishers’ community.
Governance, MPA, Fisheries, Conservation, Sustainable management, South Medi terranean, Algeria, Taza.
Exploring Environmental Disclosure in Selected Australian Multinationals under the GRI Guidelines
This paper explores changes in environmental reporting among Australian MNEs between 2004 and 2007, using the GRI guidelines, and explains how GRI transformation (from G2 to G3) leads to changes in environmental disclosure aspects along with their association with company size, profitability, industry sector. Applying Wilcoxon matched pair signed ranked and Spearman rank correlation tests, twenty companies from the Australian SAM Sustainability Index (AuSSI) are examined to identify the extent of changes on specific aspects of environ mental disclosure. The findings of the paper document a significant increase in environmental reporting in Australian companies. In particular, reporting has increased for energy, emissions and environmental management followed by water, overall, materials, transport and product/ services aspects. However, a shift in emphasis from compliance and biodiversity aspects asso ciated with climate changes and resource preservation is also evident. Again, the majority of changes occurred in companies operating in environmentally sensitive industries with industry sector having significant relationship with a few environmental disclosure aspects, the study shows no significant effect of company size and profitability on different environmental disclo sure aspects. These evidences indicate that external forces (such as, legislation, industry sensi tiveness to environment, and stakeholder awareness and pressure) rather than internal factors are more effective to influence and determine environmental disclosure in Australian compa nies
Australian MNEs; environmental reporting; GRI guidelines; legislation and eco nomic benefits, sustainability
Omar Al Farooque, Bernice Kotey, Helena Ahulu
Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Concerns in Nigeria: A Critical Focus on Oil Producing Communities
A well-known fact about the Nigerian Niger Delta region is incessant conflicts between the Oil Transnational Corporations and the oil producing communities. This could be attributed to the fact that the activities of Oil TNCs have continued to unleash untold devastation on the envi ronment of the oil producing communities and its consequences on the local economy and by extension the total obliteration of the livelihood of the inhabitants of the area. Therefore, the Oil TNCs are increasingly becoming conscious of their devastating impact on the ecology of the area and their blatant disregard for the socio-economic development of the host communi ties. Consequently, the Oil TNCs have come to embrace the idea of executing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) projects as a vehicle to intervene meaningfully in order to mitigate the adverse effects of their operations on the environments of the host communities. This paper attempts to review and analyze CSR practices of the two major Oil TNCs in Bayelsa State: Shell and Agip in six host communities: Olugboboro, Olugbobiri, Ikebiri 1, Oporoma, An giama, and Peremabiri in Southern Ijaw local government area. The key question explored in this study is: has the practice of CSR in the Nigerian Niger Delta region by Oil TNCs brought about socio-economic development and drastic reduction in conflict between the host commu nities and the Oil TNCs? The paper argues that CSR projects of transnational oil corporations in Nigeria are driven by short-term expediency rather than the long term environmental devel opmental needs of host communities through the provision of poor quality social amenities to these communities in order to secure social license to operate. For transnational oil corpora tions to make positive impact in the Nigerian Niger Delta Region, their CSR projects should be long tern in nature, taking into consideration the sustainable development needs of the local communities. The CSR projects should be in the form of high quality social amenities and en vironmental rehabilitation and protection, which could serve the needs of the present and future generations.
Transnational Oil Corporation, Corporate Social Responsibility, Niger Delta Re gion, Oil Producing Communities, Sustainable Development, Environmental De velopment
Are Non-Financial (CSR) Reports Trustworthy? A Study of The Extent to Which Non-Financial Reports Reflect the Media’ Perception of The Company’s Behaviour
This study examines the strategies companies have adopted in their CSR or non-financial re porting when responding to media criticism related to poor CSR performance. Seven compa nies operation internationally and which have been criticized for irresponsible behavior (like environmental spills, child labor, poor working conditions, corruption, etc.) are identified. The Wilson response model, "Philosophy of Social Responsiveness," which suggests four distinct corporate responses to criticism (Reaction, Defense, Accommodation and Proaction), is ap plied. These four responses occupy a continuum with ‘low response’ on one end and ‘encompassing response’ on the other end. The findings reveal that, in contrast to the Wilson model, which proposes various degrees of response engagement, companies adopted an either/ or response strategy (0-1). They either ignore the criticism (0) or, if they recognize the criti cism (1), they respond in all four of the categories suggested by Wilson. Six of the companies chose the 1 approach. The remaining company chose the 0 response; ignoring the criticism. The 0 response strategy is not presented as an option in the Wilson model, but it is clearly an alternative that companies can take into consideration when evaluating and choosing strategies for non-financial reporting.
Criticism, CSR, media, non-financial reporting, responsiveness, scandal, Wilson model
The Association Between Corporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Financial Performance
The objectives of this study is to investigate the association between CSR and Corporate Fi nancial Performance (CFP). This study investigates 800 firms listed on Indonesian Stock Ex change in 2010 - 2012. Financial performance is measured by accounting-based approach and stock-market-based approach. While, CSR practices is measured by Corporate Social Disclo sure Index (CSRDI). Thus, the association was analyzed under multivariate linear regression by considering time difference. Firm size, growth, and risk are included as control variables. This study finds: (1) CSR provides positive impact on the financial performance until one next period; (2) financial performance measured by ROA influence positively CSR only the next two years; (3) there is significant positive relationship between firm size and CSR. The paper has implications in enhancing the understanding of company performance through understand ing the association between CSR and CFP.This may increase the understanding of the associa tion between CSR and CFP. The findings of this study contribute to the literature and regulator on CSR.
Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate financial performance, sustainability
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Information Richness on Trust
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept that describes the relationship between company and society. The way a company portrays corporate ethics and social initiatives can evoke strong positive reactions among consumers. The emergence of Internet creates a new communicating culture and gives an idea for a company to deliver their CSR message. Apply ing Media Richness Theory (MRT) in CSR message is believed could facilitate trust among consumer. Thus, this study aims to examine the impact of different level of CSR information richness with consumers trust towards the company. This study divides trust into three compo nents that are competence, benevolence and integrity. An experimental design consisting of different levels of CSR information is selected (rich CSR information, lean CSR information and no CSR information as a control condition). The finding shows that rich CSR information has impacted on competence and integrity but not on benevolence. Result from this study is believed can assist companies in setting up their CSR communicating strategy in engaging con sumers’ trust.
corporate social responsibility, trust, media richness theory, competence, benevo lence, integrity
Environmental Awareness and The Role of Public Accounting Professional Bodies in Indonesia: A Brief Reflection
This study aims to give an insight about environmental awareness from public accountant and the role of Indonesian accounting professional bodies in ensuring professional sustainability. A naturalistic method was applied to get deep understanding about the perspectives of the boards of professional bodies as a representation from the condition of public accountants in general. Data collection methods used in this study were interviews and focus group discussion. The findings highlight a variety of perspectives on knowledge of environment, interest in environ mental accounting and moral responsibility on environmental damage. This variation shows different levels of awareness and it is mainly caused by the lack of law enforcement and no mandatory standards on environmental issues. This condition will threat legitimacy of account ing profession and finally, be able to endangered professional accounting sustainability. Limi tations are about the scope and sample,which provide insights of the boards of public account ant professional bodies on environmental accounting issues. Future studies should be done on other accounting fields such as environmental audit, environmental accounting and reporting and environmental costing
accounting professional bodies, environmental awareness, professional sustain ability
The Development of a Green Practice Index for the Malaysian Hotel Industry
In recent years, the hotel industry has recognized the need to have more environmentally friendly operations. The main focus, however, has been on improving environmental manage ment practices in developed countries. Furthermore, most attempts to develop assessment tools for green practices have come from such countries as well, which have a different socio economic situation from developing countries. Therefore, to capture a more accurate picture of environmental management practices from the developing country context, specifically a Ma laysian context, the authors in this paper created an index to measure the level of green prac tices among Malaysian hotels. Doing so, however, resulted in a search for green index develop ment methods. This lead to the discovery that existing tools such as the Delphi method were not appropriate tools that could be used to develop a Malaysian green index. To address the above, the authors propose a green index development method that can be used for a Malaysian and developing country context. Hence, in this paper, the method of developing a green prac tice index for the Malaysian hospitality industry, the differences and advantages of this method compared to the commonly used Delphi method and finally the Malaysian Green Practice In dex for the hotel industry are presented.
environmental management practices, green practice index development, hotel industry, tourism environmental index
A. K. Siti–Nabiha, R. A. George, N. Abdul Wahid, A. Amran, R. Mahadi, I. Abustan
CSR practices at Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB): Managing CSR fund
The notion of CSR from Islamic perspective has been viewed as a comprehensive discourse when it is already embedded the element of spiritual (Tawhid and Taqwa), economics, ethics and legality. However, there is a black box in the process of managing CSR fund which is used to conduct the CSR initiatives. Thus, this study attempts to revisit the issues by discussing Is lamic concept of CSR practices and to gain insights the process of managing various sources of CSR fund. By using case study approach, a group of key CSR players at Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad as well as the recipients of the initiatives have been interviewed. Moreover, an in-field observation and CSR documentations analysis have been employed to get the whole picture of managing the CSR activities and also the fund. The results show that the CSR initiatives at the bank are highly associated with religious obligations and the main source of CSR fund is de rived from the zakat fund. In addition, donation, non-compliance Shariah income and purifica tion fund have been used to fulfill various stakeholders' demands. Thus, these findings provide an avenue to conceptualize the concept and practices of CSR in Islamic view and encourage other business entities to manage their financial resources (CSR fund) systematically to support the CSR activities.
corporate social responsibility (CSR), CSR fund, zakat, case study
Fathiyyah Abu Bakar, Mohd 'Atef Md Yusof
Exploring the theological foundation of Corpo rate Social Responsibility in Islam, Christianity and Judaism for Strengthening Compliance and Reporting: An Eclectic Approach
Religion in the contemporary times has potentials from which conventional models and theo ries could leverage for public wellbeing. Considering the moral and ethical dimensions of cor porate social responsibility (CSR), understanding this nebulous concept from the religious lenses could help strengthen CSR compliance and reporting in the industrial societies, where religions play direct and indirect role in corporate governance and people‘s lifestyle. This pa per explores eclectic sources to provide answer to the questions: Does CSR have theological foundation in Islam Christianity and Judaism? Can religions strengthen CSR and fortify com pliance and reporting? The authors sourced the required qualitative data from journal articles, Islamic jurisprudence, Judaic sources and Biblical texts as well as relevant online resources on the subject. The extractions from eclectic sources were subjected to content analysis from which conclusions on the two questions were established. The findings indicate that CSR has theological foundation in the three religions, and religious ethics and values could be potent drivers for strengthening CSR and reporting.
Corporate Social Responsibility, Compliance, Eclectic Approach, Religions, Re porting
Lukman Raimi, Patel, A., Yekini, K., Aljadani, A.
Ethical Climate In Vocational Program Administrative Sciences Department: Student Perception
The existence of ethics course in the designed curriculum given, expected to shape morale and develop ethic awareness between student in their study environment. This thing will be a pri mary asset for graduate candidates in the future. This research is an effort to make an image about study environment climate, that occur in Vocational Program generally, and in Admini stration Science particularly. The aim of this study is to describe students’ perceptions of their institution’s ethical environment. The Ethical Climate Questionnaires were completed by fifty two final-year vocational program students. The result showed that the type of consensual mo rality is the most dominant factor that forms ethical environment in campus.
ethics, ethical climate, vocational program